Certified in Public Health (CPH) Practice Exam

Which of the following has not been demonstrated as a gender-linked health disparity?

1. Domestic and sexual violence

2. Sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS

3. Unintentional and intentional injuries

4. Health care decision-making

The correct answer is: Unintentional and intentional injuries

The assertion that unintentional and intentional injuries have not been demonstrated as a gender-linked health disparity is based on the understanding that while both forms of injury can affect individuals of any gender, the research and data show that they are influenced by numerous factors, including socioeconomic status, access to care, and environmental risks, rather than predominantly gender-based factors. Gender-linked health disparities often highlight systemic issues that affect specific populations differently. On the other hand, the other choices highlight well-documented disparities. Domestic and sexual violence, for instance, disproportionately affects women due to societal norms and power dynamics that enable such violence. Sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS, also show disparity, as women, particularly in certain regions, may face higher rates of transmission and barriers to treatment. Health care decision-making reflects significant gender disparities, where women may have less influence or autonomy in decisions about their health and care, impacting their access to necessary services. Overall, while gender does play a role in shaping health outcomes, the complexity and multifactorial nature of unintentional and intentional injuries make them less distinctly defined as a gender-linked disparity when compared to the other options.